妊娠期高血压疾病危险因素及护理干预新进展

妊娠期高血压疾病是女性妊娠期间极为常见的一种妊娠并发症，亦为妇产科临床中极为常见的一种病症，该病症可产生 极大的危害性。目前临床主要站在流行病学角度上研究妊娠期高血压疾病，针对该病症的发病诱因、机制等尚未有统一认识形 成。本文主要分析和总结妊娠期高血压疾病的相关危险因素和护理干预措施，以供今后临床作参考。     

神经外科住院患者人文关怀感知与护士关怀实践的对比研究

目的了解神经外科住院患者及护士对护士人文关怀的感知与评价差异,为更好地实施人文关怀护理服务提供参考。方法选取86例神经外科住院患者及92名神经外科护士作为研究对象,分别使用关怀行为量表进行问卷调查。结果患者与护士对护士人文关怀的总体评分分别为4.77±0.84、4.86±0.60,无统计学差异(P>0.05),双方均在“尊重患者”及“联系患者”2个维度评分较低。在“支持和保证”维度,患者对护士人文关怀的感知水平显著低于护士自评结果(P<0.01)。结论护患双方均对护士关怀行为的评价较好且双方在对护士关怀行为的整体认知上存在较高的一致度,但护士对患者心理层面的关怀相对不足,患者对护士在“支持和保证”相关关怀行为方面具有较高的期待。护士需要进一步改进与提升人文关怀质量。     

Quality indicators for breast cancer care: A systematic review

ObjectivesWe evaluated breast cancer (BC) care quality indicators (QIs) in clinical pathways and integrated health care processes.MethodsFollowing protocol registration (Prospero n^o: CRD42021228867), relevant documents were identified, without language restrictions, through a systematic search of bibliographic databases (EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE), health care valuable representatives and the World Wide Web in April 2021. Data concerning QIs, measurement tools and compliance standards were extracted from European and North American sources in duplicate with 98% reviewer agreement.ResultsThere were 89 QIs found from 22 selected documents (QI per document mean 13.5 with standard deviation 11.9). The Belgian (38 QIs) and the EUSOMA (European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists) (34 QIs) documents were the ones that best reported the QIs. No identical QI was identified in all the documents analysed. There were 67/89 QIs covering processes (75.3%) and 11/89 (12.4%) for each structure and outcomes QIs. There were 21/89 QIs for diagnosis (30.3%), 43/89 for treatment (48.3%), and 19/89 for staging, counselling, follow-up and rehabilitation (21.4%). Of 67 process QIs and 11 outcome QIs, 20/78 (26%) did not report a minimum standard of care. Shared decision making was only included as a QI in the Italian document.ConclusionMore than half of countries have not established a national clinical pathway or integrated breast cancer care process to achieve the excellence of BC care. There was heterogeneity in QIs for the evaluation of BC care quality. Over two-thirds of the clinical pathways and integrated health care processes did not provide a minimum auditable standard of care for compliance, leaving open the definition of best practice. There is a need for harmonisation of BC care QIs.     

血流导向装置治疗大脑中动脉M2段以及远部位动脉瘤的围术期重症护理

目的:探讨血流导向装置治疗大脑中动脉M2段以及远部位动脉瘤的围术期护理方法和价值。方法:选取2021年1月—2021年6月山西省某三级甲等医院神经外科16例大脑中动脉M2段以及远部位动脉瘤病人,均进行血流导向装置Pipeline治疗,总结围术期护理要点。结果:16例病人的手术成功率为100%,术后无相关并发症发生。结论:医务人员需高度关注围术期颅内动脉瘤病人,术前给予病人足够的心理支持和疏导,术中与医生、麻醉师、手术室护士紧密配合,术后密切监测并发症的发生,使病人能够安全度过围术期,顺利康复出院。     

聚焦解决护理模式结合健康教育对银屑病患者心理状态、应对方式的影响

目的 探讨聚焦解决护理模式结合健康教育对银屑病患者心理状态、应对方式的影响。方法 选取2020年2月至2021年2月我院收治的100例银屑病患者,随机分为观察组(聚焦解决护理模式结合健康教育)与对照组(常规健康教育)。比较两组的心理状态及应对方式。结果 干预后,观察组的焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的面对评分高于对照组,屈服、回避评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的病耻感评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 聚焦解决护理模式结合健康教育可有效改善银屑病患者的不良情绪,减轻病耻感,转变疾病应对方式。     

子宫腺肌症对患者的心理影响及心理护理效果观察

目的 分析子宫腺肌症可能对患者造成的心理影响,探讨子宫腺肌症患者的心理护理方法,观察护理效果。方法 将62例子宫腺肌症患者随机分配为常规护理干预组和心理护理干预组,每组31例。对常规护理干预组患者,实施常规护理干预措施。对心理护理干预组患者,在常规护理干预措施的基础上,进一步对其实施针对性的心理护理干预措施。结果 心理护理干预组患者的焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分,以及睡眠质量自评量表(SRSS)各维度评分,都明显低于常规护理干预组,差异具有统计学意义。心理护理干预组患者的生活质量综合评定量表(GQOLI-74)各维度评分,要显著的高于常规护理干预组,差异同样具有统计学意义。结论 应重视并切实做好对子宫腺肌症患者的心理护理工作,这能够有效缓解患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪,提高患者的心理健康水平,改善患者的水平及生活质量。